Wilhelm der Eroberer
Herzog von Normandie, König von England
Wilhelm I. (England)
Wilhelm I. (* 1027; † 9. September 1087), auch als Wilhelm der Eroberer und Wilhelm der Bastard bekannt, war König von England und Herzog der Normandie. Er war der illegitime Sohn von Herzog Robert der Normandie und Herleva (oder „Arlette“), der Tochter eines Gerbers names Fulbert. Geboren wurde Wilhelm in Falaise, Normandie, im heutigen Frankreich.
Wilhelm der ErobererEr heiratete Mathilde von Flandern mit der er fünf Söhne und sechs Töchter hatte. 1035 folgte Wilhelm seinem Vater als kleiner Junge auf den Herzogsthron und wurde bekannt als Herzog Wilhelm II. der Normandie. Sofort nach seinem Amtsantritt wurde er von seinen Vasallen angegriffen. Mit der Unterstützung König Heinrichs I. von Frankreich gegen die aufständischen normannischen Barone 1047 bei Caen in der Schlacht von Val-ès-Dunes konnte er sich am Ende die Kontrolle über die Normandie sichern.
Während eines Besuchs Wilhelms in England um 1052 soll ihm sein kinderloser Cousin und König Eduard der Bekenner den Thron Englands versprochen haben. Als der englische Adlige Harold, Earl von Wessex, 1064 an der normannischen Küste strandete, konnte Wilhelm ihn gefangen nehmen. Für seine Freilassung versprach Harold, Wilhelms Ansprüche auf den englischen Thron zu unterstützen. Da er dieses Versprechen aber in Gefangenschaft abgab und möglicherweise auch noch auf die Gebeine eines Heiligen schwören musste, war er frei, es zu brechen, da es unter Zwang abgegeben worden war.
Nach dem Tod Eduards im Januar 1066 beanspruchte nun Wilhelm den Thron, jedoch wurde Harold vom Witenagemot (königlicher Rat) zum König gewählt. Daraufhin holte sich Wilhelm die Erlaubnis Papst Alexanders II, England anzugreifen. Am 28. September 1066 begann er seine Invasion in England und er besiegte König Harold Godwinson am 14. Oktober in der Schlacht von Hastings, was es ihm nun erlaubte, den Thron zu ergreifen. Am Weihnachtstag 1066 wurde er in London in der Westminster Abbey gekrönt. Dies war der Anfang von dem, was heute als die Normannische Eroberung bekannt ist. An Wilhelms Sieg wird auf dem berühmten Teppich von Bayeux (Detaillierte Darstellung der Schlacht) erinnert.
Wilhelm führte viele grössere Änderungen ein, unter anderem eine fundamentale Prüfung des herrschenden angelsächsischen Rechtssystems, das er mit dem Normannischen verschmolz. Um die Ausdehnung seines Herrschaftsgebietes zu ermitteln, ließ er 1085 das Domesday Book anfertigen, eine Erfassung des gesamten Grundbesitzes in England. Er ordnete auch den Bau zahlreicher Burgen an, unter ihnen auch den Tower von London.
Accord of WinchesterWilhelm erlag am 9. September 1087 im Kloster Saint Gervais nahe Rouen (Frankreich) seinen Verletzungen, die er durch einem Sturz vom Pferd bei der Belagerung von Mantes erlitten hatte. Auf dem Totenbett verfügte er, dass seine politischen Gefangenen frei gelassen werden sollten. Bei seinem Tod soll er so stark übergewichtig gewesen sein, dass der Leichnam aufplatzte. Er liegt in der Abtei Saint Stephan in Caen begraben.
Der Nachfolger Wilhelm wurde 1087 sein jüngerer Sohn Wilhelm II, sein älterer Sohn Robert Curthose wurde Herzog der Normandie. Wilhelms jüngster Sohn Heinrich wurde später ebenfalls noch König von England, da Wilhelm II. ohne einen Erben zu hinterlassen gestorben war.
Kinder von Wilhelm dem Eroberer und Mathilde von Flandern
Es gibt einige Zweifel über die Anzahl seiner Töchter, dennoch sieht die Liste folgendermassen aus:
Robert II Curthose (* etwa 1054, † 1135), Herzog der Normandie
Adelizia (oder Alice) (* 1055, † 1065)
Cecilia (* etwa 1056, † 30. Juli 1125)
Wilhelm Rufus (* 1056, † 2. August 1100), König von England
Richard (* 1057, † etwa 1081), Herzog von Bernay
Adela (* etwa 1062, † 8. März 1138)
Agatha (* etwa 1064, † etwa 1080)
Konstanze (* etwa 1066, † 13. August 1094)
Mathilde
Gundrade (* etwa 1053, † 22. Mai 1085)
Heinrich Beauclerc (* 1068, † 1. Dezember 1135), König von England
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[Nachname http://www.stroux.org/patriz_f/stQV_f/FcA_f.pdf]
Vater: Jacob Forcart___________________ | ___________________|___________________ | _Maes Genannt Fudickar _| | | | | ___________________ | | | | |___________________|___________________ | _Jacob Fudickar (Furchker) _| | (1522 - ....) | | | _Wilhelm Fudickar _ | | | | | _Hermann Fudickar _|___________________ | | | (.... - 1536) | |_Maria Fudickar ________| | | | | ___________________ | | | | |___________________|___________________ | _Dietrich Forcart _| | (1581 - 1653)x1607| | | ___________________ | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | ________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | | |_Margaretha Byn Vom Rhoer __| | | | | ___________________ | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | |________________________| | | | | ___________________ | | | | |___________________|___________________ | _Jacob Forcart ____| | (1613 - 1660)x1640| | | ___________________ | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | ________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | | | ____________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | | | | |________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | | |_Catharina Sägler _| | (1579 - 1665)x1607| | | ___________________ | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | ________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | | |____________________________| | | | | ___________________ | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | |________________________| | | | | ___________________ | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | |--Jakob Forcart | (1645 - 1721)x1667 | ___________________ | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | ________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | ____________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | | |________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | ___________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | | | ________________________| | | | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | | | | |____________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | | |________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | |_Margaretha Kipp __| (1618 - 1658)x1640| | ___________________ | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | ________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | | ____________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | | | | |________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | |___________________| | | ___________________ | | | ___________________|___________________ | | | ________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |___________________|___________________ | | |____________________________| | | ___________________ | | | ___________________|___________________ | | |________________________| | | ___________________ | | |___________________|___________________
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[Nachname http://www.stroux.org/patriz_f/stQV_f/SoK_f.pdf]
Vater: Bernhard Socin_Benedikt Socin _______________ | (1594 - 1664)x1617 _Abel Socin ________________|_Ursula Beck __________________ | (1632 - 1695)x1654 (1599 - 1634) _Joseph Socin _________| | (1662 - 1736)x1694 | | | _Hans Jakob Hummel ____________ | | | (1590 - 1654)x1635 | |_Maria Hummel ______________|_Maria Rink ___________________ | (1635 - 1681)x1654 (1602 - 1653) _Abel Socin ______________| | (1695 - 1766)x1720 | | | _Peter Sarasin ________________ | | | (1608 - 1662)x1637 | | _Hans Franz Sarasin ________|_Sara Burckhardt ______________ | | | (1649 - 1719)x1676 (1619 - 1698) | |_Sara Sarasin _________| | (1677 - 1746)x1694 | | | _Lucas Burckhardt _____________ | | | (1614 - 1695)x1641 | |_Anna Elisabeth Burckhardt _|_Elisabeth Mitz _______________ | (1658 - 1731)x1676 (1624 - 1686) _Abel Socin ________| | (1729 - 1808)x1766 | | | _______________________________ | | | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | |_Maria Werenfels _________| | (1703 - 1775)x1720 | | | _______________________________ | | | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | |_______________________| | | | | _______________________________ | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | _Bernhard Socin ___| | (1777 - 1854)x1802| | | _Hieronymus Burckhardt ________ | | | (1612 - 1667)x1633 | | _Theodor Burckhardt ________|_Sibylla Frey _________________ | | | (1639 - 1694)x1667 (1615 - 1667) | | _Christoph Burckhardt _| | | | (1676 - 1718)x1705 | | | | | _Theodor Richard ______________ | | | | | (1598 - 1670)x1635 | | | |_Maria Salome Richard ______|_Anna Just ____________________ | | | (1644 - 1682)x1667 (1605 - 1649) | | _Christoph Burckhardt ____| | | | (1708 - 1789)x1729 | | | | | _Friedrich Merian _____________ | | | | | (1595 - 1662)x1616 | | | | _Matthäus Merian ___________|_Christina Syff _______________ | | | | | (1625 - 1702)x1657 (1597 - 1669) | | | |_Salome Merian ________| | | | (1668 - 1728)x1705 | | | | | _Andreas Burckhardt ___________ | | | | | (1604 - 1667)x1630 | | | |_Margaretha Burckhardt _____|_M. Maria Spörlin _____________ | | | (1633 - 1710)x1657 (1610 - 1645) | |_Salome Burckhardt _| | (1739 - 1779)x1766 | | | _Matthäus Vischer _____________ | | | (1599 - 1632)x1622 | | _Matthäus Vischer __________|_Margaretha Lichteisen ________ | | | (1623 - 1695)x1649 (1601 - 1632) | | _Leonhard Vischer _____| | | | (1657 - 1745)x1686 | | | | | _Hans Ulrich Respinger ________ | | | | | (1583 - 1634)x1623 | | | |_Magdalena Respinger _______|_Magdalena Weiss ______________ | | | (1629 - 1694)x1649 (.... - 1634) | |_Maria Elisabeth Vischer _| | (1705 - 1771)x1729 | | | _Basilius Iselin ______________ | | | (1611 - 1648)x1632 | | _Johann Ludwig Iselin ______|_Cleophe Beck _________________ | | | (1637 - 1674)x1662 (1610 - 1655) | |_Anna Iselin __________| | (1663 - 1712)x1686 | | | _Ernst Ludwig Meyer zum Pfeil _ | | | (1600 - 1664)x1623 | |_Catharina Meyer zum Pfeil _|_Angela Elbs __________________ | (1626 - 1698)x1662 (1599 - 1650) | |--Esther Socin | (1804 - 1830)x1823 | _______________________________ | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | | __________________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | | ____________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | |_Esther Heusler ___| (1781 - 1847)x1802| | _______________________________ | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | | __________________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | |____________________| | | _______________________________ | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | _______________________________ | | | | | | |____________________________|_______________________________ | | |__________________________| | | _______________________________ | | | ____________________________|_______________________________ | | |_______________________| | | _______________________________ | | |____________________________|_______________________________
[Nachname http://www.stroux.org/patriz_f/stMh_f/MhTE_f.pdf]
Vater: Pierre Thierry_Pierre Thierry ___________ | (1629 - 1679)x1655 _Pierre Thierry __________|_Catherine Maeder _________ | (1657 - 1732)x1679 _Jean Ulric Thierry _______| | (1682 - 1733)x1706 | | | ___________________________ | | | | |_Salome Heusler __________|___________________________ | (.... - 1737)x1679 _Pierre Thierry _________| | (1712 - 1772)x1733 | | | ___________________________ | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | |_Elisabeth Frey ___________| | x1706 | | | ___________________________ | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | _Jonas Thierry _____| | (1734 - 1792)x1755 | | | _Jean Conrad Schlumberger _ | | | (1623 - 1672) | | _Jean Ulric Schlumberger _|_Anna Schoen ______________ | | | (1647 - 1684)x1670 (1627 - 1704) | | _Jean Conrad Schlumberger _| | | | (1683 - 1756)x1708 | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | | |_Elisabeth Grosheintz ____|___________________________ | | | (1653 - 1693)x1670 | |_Anne Cath Schlumberger _| | (1709 - 1789)x1733 | | | ___________________________ | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | |_Anne Catherine Quittard __| | (1690 - 1759)x1708 | | | ___________________________ | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | _Pierre Thierry _______| | (1761 - 1835) | | | ___________________________ | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | | | _________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | | | | |___________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | | |_Anne Schlumberger _| | (1735 - 1805)x1755 | | | ___________________________ | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | | |_________________________| | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | |___________________________| | | | | ___________________________ | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | |--Pierre Thierry | (1799 - 1873)x1844 | ___________________________ | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | _________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | | |___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | ____________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | | | | |_________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | | |___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | |_Anne Catherine Blech _| | | ___________________________ | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | | _________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | | | | |___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | |____________________| | | ___________________________ | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________ | | | | | | |__________________________|___________________________ | | |_________________________| | | ___________________________ | | | __________________________|___________________________ | | |___________________________| | | ___________________________ | | |__________________________|___________________________
_Samuel Uebelin ___ | (1659 - 1716)x1689 _Jakob Christoph Uebelin _____|_Jakobea Beck _____ | (1692 - 1762)x1720 (1664 - 1728) _Johann Jakob Uebelin _| | (1722 - 1766)x1748 | | | _Jakob Wohnsiedel _ | | | (1665 - 1716) | |_Salome (Sabine?) Wohnsiedel _|_Maria Ber(t)schi _ | (1699 - 1735)x1720 _Johann Friedrich Uebelin _| | (1754 - 1818)x1784 | | | ___________________ | | | | | _Caspar Sulger _______________|___________________ | | | (1682 - 1755) | |_Elisabeth Sulger _____| | (1727 - 1766)x1748 | | | ___________________ | | | | |_Anna Hüglin _________________|___________________ | _Johann Jakob Uebelin _| | (1793 - 1873)x1846 | | | ___________________ | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | _Jakob Beck ___________| | | | (1710 - 1770) | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | | |_Magdalena Beck ___________| | (1760 - 1794)x1784 | | | ___________________ | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | |_Salome Holzach _______| | | | | ___________________ | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | _Friedrich Wilhelm Uebelin _| | (.... - 1917)x1878 | | | ___________________ | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | | |_Rosina Trautwein _____| | x1846 | | | ___________________ | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | | |___________________________| | | | | ___________________ | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | |_______________________| | | | | ___________________ | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | |--Elisabeth Trautwein | (1885 - 1889) | ___________________ | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | | | | |___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | |_Friederika Trautwein ______| x1878 | | ___________________ | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | | ___________________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | |_______________________| | | ___________________ | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | ___________________ | | | | | | |______________________________|___________________ | | |___________________________| | | ___________________ | | | ______________________________|___________________ | | |_______________________| | | ___________________ | | |______________________________|___________________